History and Secrets of the Great Wall of China

The Great Wall of China is known as one of the greatest legacies of world-renowned civilization. The fortress-built wall is the largest building ever made in human history. This is evidenced by the size of this building which has a length of 6,350 km across from the Shanhaigun Pass near the bay of Bo Hai in the northeast to Jisayuguan Pass in the northern central part of China. The height reaches 8 meters, then the width of the top 5 meters and the width of the bottom 8 meters. Every 180-270 meters there is a watch tower that is about 12 meters high. The great Chinese wall that stands firmly is a symbol of the harsh perseverance and determination of the Chinese in the past.

A Brief History of the Great Wall Construction of China

The early establishment of the Great Wall aims to defend the territory of the Chung Kuo (the ancient Chinese) from the Nomad tribal invasion of the north. At the time of the Qin Dynasty, the ruling Emperor Shih Huang Ti, a great emperor who managed to unite the whole of China, intends to continue the construction of the abandoned wall for some time due to the conditions of inter-royal war. In 221 BC, Shih Huang Ti gave orders to connect the unfinished walls and continue the construction route as far as 5,000 km.

The construction of the Great Wall is very appropriate given its very important function to withstand the threat from Nomad tribe who want to seize the territory. The Great Wall is built on high and dangerous mountain peaks, where giant walls made using stone, brick, wood and cement make it resilient and resistant to weather for centuries. After the Shih Huang Ti era and replaced by the Han Dynasty in 206-220 AD Development in the Han Dynasty era resulted in the extension of large wall buildings as far as 10,000 km. Not only stopped there, the Great Wall rebuilt during the Ming Dynasty in 1368-1644. At this time the great wall was strengthened by adding granite and long coal and coated with lime. Over the centuries the Great Wall became a valuable fortress besides its function as a barrier from the outside world and protecting well-known agricultural produce.

The Secret Behind The Great Wall of China

It is often a common question of what the real secret is behind the Great Wall of China over the centuries. One study concluded that one of the most brilliant technical innovations found at that time was the use of sticky rice as a mixture of cement used to build the Great Wall.

The glutinous rice that is used as a mandatory material of cement mixture has an arrangement of substances that allow the lime cement materials used to be many times more adhesive. The mixture of glutinous rice and lime cement is composed of organic and inorganic adhesive material, it is able to bind bricks very closely even weeds can not grow on it. The organic composition contained is amylopectin derived from glutinous and inorganic composition ie calcium carbonate from lime creating a solid micro structure that makes the Great Wall become more stable and has greater mechanical strength.

So what else is the uniqueness of this legendary building? There are things that may not be considered carefully about the area around the founding of the Great Wall is the vegetation / plant life that grows between the Great Wall. The existence of a gigantic wall that divides the outer and inner sides of the forest beyond the allegedly capable of altering plant genetics that were previously the same genetically grown plants gradually over a long period turned into different genetic plants.

The World's Longest Grave

The Great Wall with its legendary glory to the rest of the world does not mean not leaving a history of sacrifice. The Great Wall was built using human labor drawn from slaves who were forcibly employed. The slaves did the work of removing the stones and composing them into giant wall-building noon at no pay. This tough work has cost thousands of lives. Thus came the Great Wall of China as the Longest Grave in the World.

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Novel Review : Fate by Orizuka

This novel is the second novel by Orizuka that I bought. And I fell in love with the way it was written and the conflict it contained.

Publisher: Authorized Books 

Year of publication: 2012 

Genre: family, romance 

ISBN: 978-602-96894-2-6 

Price: Rp. 44,000

This novel tells of two boys (well, they are actually men now, not boys) who are different moms from Jang's family. The elder brother, Jang Min Ho was born from his father's legitimate wife - Jang Dae Gwan, while Jang Min Hwan was born from the womb of a prostitute in Korea. Min Ho, his elder brother, is practically a good life and a famous journalist in America, while Min Hwan lives miserably in Korea.

When they were both children, they had lived together in Indonesia. But because of a problem Min HWan must be 'discharged' to Korea. This makes the sibling's relationship cool. Problems begin to arise when the death of their father - Jang Dae Gwan - requires these two brothers to return to Indonesia and listen to the father's will. Min Hwan who initially did not want to stay attending his father's funeral was even forced by his mother to go to Indonesia and get a legacy from his father. 

Min Hwan then went to Indonesia to make his mother happy by getting inherited from his father. Arriving in Indonesia Min Hwan was very cool to Min Ho. He requested the reading of the will is done as soon as possible with the reason of not wanting to linger in Indonesia. Instead of fast, to get this legacy Min Ho and Min Hwan are required to live together in Indonesia. Min Hwan who initially refused firmly then followed his father's will because he remembered his mother in Korea who had to work as a prostitute.

The problem does not stop there, according to the will of the father Min Ho and Min Hwan also have to repeat the S1 college majoring in business to be able to get the inheritance. Min Ho who has completed his S2 studies openly refused, as did Min Hwan. But both are forced to do this father's will. Over time, the relationship of the older brother who was cold earlier, the better. Min Hwan has accepted Min Ho's presence, which in fact Min Hwan never hates his elder brother. 

Especially coupled with the presence of Adena that makes Min Hwan who originally hated Indonesia and hate his brother began to adapt to stay. When Min Ho and Min Hwan begin to accept the presence of each other and love each other as brothers. A great secret is revealed. The tangled yarn in Jang's family began to unravel little by little. This makes the world Min Hwan and Min Ho seemed to be mocked by destiny.

Well, as I said, I fell in love with this novel. Starting from the background that smells of Korean elements (For sure, I learn korean little bit from this novel because you can find a lot of Korean language inside), the character of the character in it (I love Jang Min Hwan !! Min Ho is not bad. , I fell in love with Min Hwan's character for the first read), plot the story, and most importantly the style of writing Orizuka used in this novel. I do love it! Yep, from a scale of 1-5, I give this novel a 4.5 value. Although the groove used is a bit slow, but it's okay. Because in this novel the reader will be addicted to read it and guess at the beginning (It actually happen to me). FATE, the other masterpiece from Orizuka! 대박 이다!

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Lyric From Friends to Lovers (Sahabat jadi Cinta)-Zigas

This is the translation lyrics of Indonesian Song

Moon stranded on the yard

A dimly lit heart 

Your eyes are my eyes 

There is a desire that may be forbidden

One hard word to say 

Until my inner torment 

God help me explain 

My feelings turned into love

Refrain :

Can not my heart deny love

Because love is not implied 

Although my lips keep saying no 

My eyes continued to shine

I found myself getting lost

When we're together 

Oooooo 

Breathing a breath that can not lie 

Friendship turns into love

Can not my heart deny love

Because love is not implied 

Although my lips keep saying no 

My eyes continued to shine

What we are now feeling 

Why do not we try to unite 

Maybe a friendship trial 

Or maybe a destiny of God

Although my lips keep saying no

My eyes continued to shine 

Maybe a friendship trial 

Or maybe a destiny of God

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10 GOOD AND EFFECTIVE PRESENTATION TIPS

The are some factors that affect a presentation :

1. Ability to master the audience

Not enough just with the ability to speak and an interesting body language to master the audience, but also needs to be done controlling whether the audience is still with us or already soluble with their respective affairs. Many interesting things that can be done to master the audience, such as simulation, giving questions or discussions, giving video and so forth. The interesting thing is needed so that the audience does not feel bored when we see the presentation.

2. Do not talk on slides 

Many speakers are more looking at slides whose contents they already know rather than view the audience. Should speakers focus more eyes and attention to the audience, multiply the eye contact will make the presentation more interesting.

3. Ability to speak and body language

Some speakers provide keys and some tricks to present the presentation through engaging speaking skill and body language that attract the audience. How to speak is the main thing that becomes the focus of the audience when the speaker is presenting and also the style of body language that adapts to the spoken language. For example is Mario Teguh where he has a distinctive style that is enough to attract the attention of the audience. Therefore, the speaker must have a distinctive character in the spoken language and body language.

4. Show the enthusiasm 

In order for the listener to stay awake during the presentation session, the speaker should show encouragement while delivering the presentation material presented. Like Steve Jobs often use the word amazing, cool, and extraordinary when introducing various features owned by its flagship device at the time.

5. Describe the key points to be conveyed 

Before starting the presentation, it is better to explain to the audience how many important points to be conveyed in his presentation. Provide clear guidance at the beginning of the presentation and follow the outline of the lines we deliver, helping listeners more easily listen to the material presented.

6. Make numbers meaningful 

If you have data in the form of numbers that can support the presentation, use it to the optimum. Providing data through numbers, especially when the numbers are submitted is significant, will usually attract the attention of listeners and curious to keep listening.

7. Exercise or simulation

In order that the material presented can be presented smoothly, of course the exercise is very necessary. As an example of a successful presentation by Steve Jobs reportedly born from a dozen hours that he willing to train continuously the presentation of his presentation. Do not forget also important details, such as interesting slides or clearly readable posts as part of the preparation.

8. Master the material

Mastering the material means the speaker can choose the material to be emphasized and the material that can be removed to make the presentation more effective. Mastery of this material makes the speaker will be more comfortable at the time of presentation and make the presentation goes well.

9. En-soul the material to be delivered

Presenting a presentation is not the same as reading a poem, the speaker does not need to memorize the material to be delivered, each presentation requires two things, that is to live and have energy. This will be obtained if the speaker animates the material you are bringing.

10. Simple Background

The background used on each slide should be noted. Do not let any sentences that can not be read clearly because of the use of background that is too contrast.

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Biography of Alexander Graham Bell

Childhood and Early Life

*He was born on March 3, 1847, in Edinburgh, Scotland, to Prof. Alexander Melville Bell and his wife Eliza Grace Symonds. He had two brothers-Melville James Bell and Edward Charles Bell-both of whom died of tuberculosis.

*His father taught elocution to the deaf and had developed what is called the 'Visible Speech' system to help deaf children learn to speak. He received most of his early education from his mother who was an unusually gifted painter and pianist, despite her deafness.

*Throughout his childhood, he spent a short period of time in traditional educational institutions including Edinburgh's Royal High School, which he left at the age of 15.

*He initially attended the University of Edinburgh and then the University College, London, England, but did not receive a formal education comparable to his peers in Victorian Britain.

*In 1870, after the death of two of his brothers, the Bell family moved to Canada for the sake of his health. Expanding on his father's work of teaching deaf people to communicate, he began working on transmitting telephonic messages.

Education

  As a young child, Bell, like his brothers, received his early schooling at home from his father. At an early age, he was enrolled at the Royal High School, Edinburgh, Scotland, which he left at the age of 15, having completed only the first four forms. His school record was undistinguished, marked by absenteeism and lacklustre grades. His main interest remained in the sciences, especially biology while he treated other school subjects with indifference, to the dismay of his demanding father.  

  Upon leaving school, Bell travelled to London to live with his grandfather, Alexander Bell. During the year he spent with his grandfather, a love of learning was born, with long hours spent in serious discussion and study. The elder Bell took great efforts to have his young pupil learn to speak clearly and with conviction, the attributes that his pupil would need to become a teacher himself.

  At the age of 16, Bell secured a position as a "pupil-teacher" of elocution and music, in Weston House Academy at Elgin, Moray, Scotland. Although he was enrolled as a student in Latin and Greek, he instructed classes himself in return for board and £10 per session. The following year, he attended the University of Edinburgh; joining his older brother Melville who had enrolled there the previous year. In 1868, not long before he departed for Canada with his family, Bell completed his matriculation exams and was accepted for admission to University College London.

Telephone

Alexander Graham Bell is best known for his invention of the telephone. While trying to discover the secret to transmitting multiple messages on a single wire, Bell heard the sound of a plucked string along some of the electrical wire. One of Bell’s assistants, Thomas A. Watson, was trying to reactivate a telephone transmitter. After hearing the sound, Bell believed he could send the sound of a human voice over the wire. After receiving a patent on March 7, 1876, for transmitting sound along a single wire, he successfully transmitted human speech on March 10. Bell’s telephone patent was one of the most valuable patents ever issued.

Major Works

*He is most famous for his pioneering work on the development of the telephone. He worked with Thomas Watson, his assistant, on the design and patent of the first practical telephone.

*Many other inventions marked his later life including the refinement of the phonograph. His other exceptional works were in the field of hydrofoils and aeronautics. In all, he held 18 patents in his name alone and 12 that he shared with collaborators.

*He was one of the founders of the National Geographic Society in 1888 and served as its president from 1896 to 1904.

Career

*In 1872, he founded 'School of Vocal Physiology and Mechanics of Speech' in Boston, where he taught elocution to his pupils. In 1873, he was appointed the professor of Vocal Physiology and Elocution at the Boston University School of Oratory.

*While pursuing his teaching profession, he conducted his research to perfect the harmonic telegraph, so as to transmit several telegraph messages simultaneously over a single wire. Alongside, he was also drawn towards another idea of ​​transmitting the human voice over wires.

*In 1874, he hired an assistant, Thomas Watson, a skilled electrician, who developed the tools and instruments he needed to continue the project. Over the subsequent years, they formed a great partnership and labored on both the ideas, the harmonic telegraph and a voice transmitting device.

*On March 10, 1876, he produced the first intelligible telephone call, when he summoned his assistant, with words that Bell transcribed in his lab notes as "Mr. Watson-come here-I want to see you ". Watson heard his first phone call.

*A legal battle ensued with inventor Elisha Gray who claimed his invention of the telephone predated Bell's; The US Supreme Court ruled in Bell's favor and subsequently 'Bell Telephone Company' was formed in 1877.

*By 1883, he created the technology for the Graphophone and other early sound recording equipment, including a magnetic recording technology that was an early form of tape recording.

*Towards the end of the 19th century on the subject of transport and recording to transport technologies. He developed a passion for air travel and helped to establish the Aerial Experiment Association in 1907.

Pursuing His Passion in His Final Years

By all accounts, Alexander Graham Bell was not a businessman and by 1880 began to turn business matters over to Hubbard and others so he could pursue a wide range of inventions and intellectual pursuits. In 1880, he established the Volta Laboratory, an experimental facility devoted to scientific discovery. He also continued his work with the deaf, establishing the American Association to Promote Teaching of Speech to the Deaf in 1890.

Bell died peacefully on August 2, 1922, at his home in Baddeck on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada, on August 2, 1922. The entire telephone system was shut down for one minute in tribute to his life.

 

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Friendship Poetry

There is always time for us There is always a way for us There is always hope for us

However ... Is there time for our friend? Is there any way to get back with them? Are our desires in line with their thinking?

There must be time we can be together 

There must be a story in laughter 

There must be a history of joy and sorrow

No need to ignore what's in front of us 

Do not underestimate what we do not have 

No need to be jealous of what they achieve

We just need to create something different from them 

We just need to change the world with our friendship 

For you I am there and always here 

Although time is no longer together and side with us 

Although the story has different direction and purpose 

But we remain one forever 

Because we are friends forever ....

Our Friendship isn't a big thing. It's a million little things

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History of Bakcang Day

Hello, two days ago exactly on 30 June I just celebrated one of Chinese tradition which is Bakcang Day, so I wanna share a bit about the history of that day.

Bakcang Day in the West is known as Dragon Boat Festival or Dumpling Festival. Because, boat races are shaped like dragons and consumption of rice cakes are the two main elements of this festival. It can also be called Double Fifth Festival because it is held on 5-month day 5 Chinese lunar calendar. Sometimes also called the Extreme Festival Yang because according to Chinese metaphysics, in Hari Bakcang is the day where Yang energy comes out most strongly. Other titles for Bakcang Day are the Fifth Month Festival, Festival of the Fifth Day, Summer Festival, and Duan Wu Festival. The day of eating this Bakcang is related to the Chinese historical figure named Qu Yuan .

History of Qu Yuan

The most popular in Hari Bakcang is that day is closely related to a historical figure named Qu Yuan (340 BC - 278 BC) who is a Patriotic Scholar and minister in Chu country. Qu Yuan is favored because he is good at cooperating diplomatically with other kingdoms in order to fight the aggression of the Qin state. 

Until one day, he was vilified and thrown into exile after another corrupt minister convinced the king to believe in the false accusations against Qu Yuan. In 278 BC, Qu Yuan heard that Qin's army invaded Ying (the capital of Chu), he wrote the Lamentations poem for Ying, then he immersed himself in the Miluo River. The suicide ritual was carried out to protest the corruption that led to the fall of Chu state. 

According to the story, villagers were trying to find his body in the river by boat. They rowed the boat while hitting the drums to scare the fish and evil spirits so as not to disturb the body of Qu Yuan. They also throw rice wrappers into the river to eat fish and fish do not eat Qu Yuan's body. The throwing of the rice wrap was also intended as an offering for the Qu Yuan spirit. 

There is also another story which says that Qu Yuan appeared in the dreams of his friends and told them that he had committed suicide by drowning and they had to throw the rice wrapped in silk into the river to calm the dragon river. Thus, this led to the traditional racing of dragon boat races and eating rice cakes on the anniversary of Qu Yuan's death which falls every 5-month day 5 Chinese lunar calendar.

Tradition Eat Bakcang

The tradition of eating Bakcang is officially made as one of the activities in the Peh Cun festival. Based on historical records, in the time of Qun Chiu (722 - 481 S.M.), using leaves to wrap the rice beef-shaped horns also have a bamboo tube filled with rice closed tightly and baked until cooked, called "Bakcang Tabung". This is arguably the forerunner of Bacang. The shape of the vessel is actually also diverse and what we see now is just one of many shapes and types of Bakcang earlier. 

In Taiwan, in the latter days of the Ming Dynasty, the form of a shake brought by the migrants from Fujian is spiraled, somewhat with the triangular prisms we see today. The filling of  Bakcang also various and not just meat. There are filled with vegetables, some are made small but without the filling that are then eaten together with serikaya jam or sweet sugar. On the 5th (Chinese Lunar Calendar), during the summer eating cake for cooling the body that made from rice, wrapped in leaves and cooked to mature, the fragrance smells unique, after eating it can neutralize the heat and lower the fire properties in the body, Digestion, indeed a season-appropriate food. At that time, people changed the dry season and put the light and cool. Judging from the tradition of dressing and eating, Duan Wu (Bakacang) day is considered to have a close relationship with the arrival of the dry season, of course there is also truth.

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Harry Potter

This time I wanna share about my favorite Novel also Movie which is Harry Potter.This novel is one that never make me bored even though have read and watch many times over and over again
Let's get start it :D

Harry Potter is a series of seven fantasy novels composed by English writer J. K. Rowling. This novel tells about the adventures of a teenage wizard named Harry Potter and his best friend, Ronald Weasley and Hermione Granger, who are students at the Hogwarts School of Witchcraft. The core story in these novels centers on Harry's attempt to defeat the evil black wizard named Lord Voldemort, who is ambitious to be an immortal being, conquer the wizarding world, master the non-magicians, and destroy anyone who blocks his path, especially Harry Potter.

This novel tells of Harry Potter, an orphan boy who at the age of eleven knows that he is a magician, lives in a wizarding ordinary world, or Muggle. His magical abilities are innate and he is invited to attend a school that teaches about his skills and Magic knowledge. Harry later became a student at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft, and there most of the novel's story took place. At Hogwarts, Harry through his teenage years, he learns to overcome the various problems he faces: magic, social and emotional, including ordinary teen issues such as love, friendship, and school exams, as well as the greatest test to prepare him for the confrontation that lies ahead.


In the first chapter of the first novel, Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, it is told that extraordinary events have taken place in the wizarding world, a very remarkable event, even the Muggles see the signs. The background of this extraordinary event and the figure of Harry Potter is expressed gradually throughout the series. After the introductory chapter, the novel story jumps years later, just before the eleventh anniversary of Harry Potter, and at this point, the background of Harry Potter begins to unfold.

Harry's first contact with the wizarding world was through a half-giant human named Rubeus Hagrid, guard and caretaker at Hogwarts. Hagrid reveals about Harry's past history.
Through Hagrid's story, Harry learns that when he was a baby, he witnessed the murder of his parents by a wicked black magician named Lord Voldemort, who then also attempted to kill him. For unknown reasons, the spell that Voldemort shot to kill Harry turned to him. Harry survived by leaving a lightning-shaped scar on his forehead as evidence of the attack, and Voldemort disappeared. After surviving Voldemort's attack, Harry becomes a living legend in the wizarding world. However, on the orders of a distinguished and famous wizard named Albus Dumbledore, Harry the orphan was entrusted to his unpleasant Muggle relative, the Dursleys. The Dursleys were willing to take care of Harry, but decided to keep secret things magically from him in the hope that Harry would grow "normal".

With Hagrid's help, Harry prepares to live his first year at Hogwarts. Harry began to explore the wizarding world, readers will be introduced at various major locations used throughout the series. Harry meets most of the main characters in the series, including two figures who would later become his best friends: Ron Weasley, a wizard from a pure, ancient but poor wizarding family, and Hermione Granger, an intelligent magician from a non-magical or Muggles. At Hogwarts, Harry also meets the potion guru Severus Snape, who shows his hatred and dislike of Harry. The first book plot concludes with a second confrontation between Harry and Lord Voldemort; Voldemort seeks to regain immortality by gaining power from the Sorcerer's Stone, the substance that gives him eternal life, and Harry and his friends try to thwart it.

Harry Potter's novels classified into the genre of fantasy literature, however, in many ways these novels can also be categorized as transitional age novels, and also contain elements such as mystery, adventure, thriller, and romance. Harry Potter is considered part of the story of a boarding school of children in England.

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Suzuya Mall

Suzuya Mall is the biggest supermarket in Banda Aceh. It's located Jl. Teuku Umar, Sutui. One of the most popular places to be visited by people especially in weekend. Not only a place to shop for monthly needs but you also can spend your quality time with family, because there are many cozy places inside there. I like to go Suzuya, because there are restaurants, supermarket, playzone, and Ace Hardware.
     There are many restaurants inside Suzuya such as Uncle.K, J.Co, Pizza Hut, KFC, Fountain, Bento Dash and more. My favorite place is Uncle.k because the menu they serve is unique and delicious also it's really a cozy place and have modern decoration which is suitable with the trend among teenager.
     The supermarket itself also comfortable because every products they sell neatly arranged according to the shelves, so it makes you easy to search the thing you want to buy. From Suzuya employee also provide trolley to make you carry the thing easier.
     And then , one of the most favorite place to visit for kid is the Playzone. It consists of various games and fun. The last is Ace Hardware, where we can buy any furniture from cheapest until expensive one.

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Oppo Specification

Currently the influence of mobile/smartphone based android is very large and wide around people all the world. So there are many Handphone Company become more intense to release their very best and sophisticated products and one of it is Oppo Company. One of the popular product they release is Oppo F1s, of course with the advantages they give such as from connection, dimention, screen, camera, ram, memory and colour.

          The connection consist GPRS. Edge, 3G, 4G LTE and also supported with two Sim Card. For dimention is 154.5 x 76 x 7.4 mm and the weight is 160 gramm.

          This handphone screen is 5.5 inch IPS LCD. Resolution 720 x 1280 pixels and equipped with Corning Gorila Glass 4, to protect the screen from scratches either the bumper.

          Main camera 13 MP complete with the autofocus feature and LED flasg. Front camera 16 MP, which is very supported for selfie. For the ram is 3 GB very quick and can run smoothly if used for many applications simultaneously.

            The last, the internal memory is 32 GB very suitable for storing many applications and games. This Oppo brand produce Gold and Rose Gold colours which is the best seller one.

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